Clinical comparison of three different anesthetic combinations in rats

Purpose: Formed in the bodies of rats after anesthesia is created with ketamine-xylazine, ketamine-medetomidine, ketamine-xylazine-diazepam combinations; is to seek answers to changes in respiratory frequency, heart rate, body temperature and other clinical parameters. Materials and Methods: The study consisted of a total of 24 rats in three groups. There are 4 male and 4 female rats in each group. In this study, the first group is the ketamine (75mg/kg)-xylazine (10mg/kg) combination, the second group is the ketamine (70mg/kg)-xylazine (5mg/kg)-diazepam (5mg/kg) combination, and the third group is the ketamine (70mg/kg) combination. He was anesthetized with the combination of kg)-medetomidine (0.2mg/kg). Respiratory frequency, heart rate, body temperature, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) during anesthesia; Clinical parameters such as standing reflex, ear reflex and toe reflexes were recorded at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 minutes, accompanied by a monitor and physical examination. Results: Surgical anesthesia duration was found to be statistically significantly higher in the ketamine-medetomidine group compared to the ketamine-xylazine group (P = 0.045). A significant difference was observed between the ketamine-xylazine and ketamine-medetomidine groups in terms of heart rate level at the 45th minute (P = 0.024) and the 60th minute (P = 0.046). The decrease in respiratory frequency level in the ketamine-xylazine-diazepam group compared to the ketamine-medetomidine group at the 10th minute (P=0.027) and the increase at the 60th minute (P=0.016) were found to be statistically significant. A significant difference was observed between the ketamine-xylazine-diazepam and ketamine-medetomidine groups in terms of body temperature level at the 30th minute (P = 0.037). Conclusion: It was observed that the depth and duration of anesthesia created with anesthetic substance combinations such as ketamine-xylazine, ketamine-medetomidine, ketamine-xylazine-diazepam were sufficient for surgical interventions. Keywords: Anesthesia, Heart Rate, Rat, Respiratory Frequency, SpO2