Volcanic mountain theme in painting art

Volcanic mountains are known to be one of the main natural elements that shape life on Earth. Since the early days of human history, volcanic mountains have been seen as a symbol of the wrath of gods/goddesses in many cultures and belief systems due to the destruction and fear they cause. From this perspective, volcanic mountains have been the subject of works by various artists throughout history. In this context, the research aims to reveal how the theme of volcanic mountains is represented in painting in an artistic, historical and cultural context. The purpose of the research is to examine examples of works by artists who have taken up the theme of volcanic mountains from the last quarter of the 18th century to the present day and to contribute to the literature with the findings and interpretations obtained. The research was conducted using qualitative methods, and selected works focusing on the theme were analysed, taking into account the historical context, cultural background and artistic approaches. The study evaluated the works of artists from different periods and geographical regions, including Pierre-Jacques Volaire, Joseph Wright of Derby, Johan Christian Dahl, Ivan Aivazovsky, Charles Furneaux, Jules Tavernier, David Howard Hitchcock, Dr. Atl, Max Ernst, and Keith Grant. According to the findings, interest in this theme increased following volcanic eruptions in Europe, particularly in the 18th century. It was determined that all of the artists examined in the study included volcanic mountains in their works as a means of plastic expression, while the majority of them also included visual documentation of this natural phenomenon, which they had witnessed first-hand, in their works.