Energy factor in economic relations between Russian Federation and Germany: 1991-2018

In the relationship between the Russian Federation, one of the most influential actors in the world energy market, and Germany, which has the largest economy in the European Union and one of the main players of the international system since the past centuries, the milestone is the "energy sector". The increase in energy demand strengthens Russia day by day in the globalized world system. Considering that the growth rate of the German economy depends on industrial production, its partnership with Moscow has created an inevitable dependency. The interdependence created by energy diplomacy has brought new projects, cooperation and problems. At this point, in the international arena where there are many actors, Germany has been assigned a new role in the European Union in the axis of its interests. In this regard, with the global developments, the Moscow-Berlin relations continue to take shape in the axis of energy and security. In 2018, Germany's trade volume with Russia increased by 9%, reaching 62 billion Euros. On the other hand, Russia's foreign trade volume of almost %70 is realized with Germany. The fact that the economic dynamics between the two countries are so intense brings Moscow and Berlin closer. This thesis handles the policies of political and economic developments after the dissolution of the Soviet Union between the two countries and the policies adopted by Germany outside the European Union.