تاريخ المذهب الشافعي وأثره في إندونيسيا

This study examines the history of the Shafi'i school of thought in Indonesia, focusing on the stages of its introduction and spread, the factors that contributed to its establishment, and its influence in various fields. The research aims to document the entry of the Shafi'i school into Indonesia since the first Hijri century/seventh century CE and to study the six historical phases it underwent. It also seeks to analyze the roles of scholars and kingdoms in disseminating this school of thought and to identify the Shafi'i books adopted in Islamic institutions in Indonesia. The researcher employs a historical methodology to analyze texts and primary sources related to the history of Islam and the Shafi'i school in Indonesia, alongside an analytical approach to study the influence of scholars and institutions in spreading and developing the school. The findings indicate that the introduction of the Shafi'i school coincided with the arrival of Islam in Indonesia, which began from Yemen. The historical phases of the school include its foundation, decline, spread, colonization, stabilization, and the modern era. Since the decision of the Religious Court in 1958, the Shafi'i school has been the main reference in Islamic legal matters. Its influence is evident in judiciary decisions, fatwas, Islamic organizations, and educational institutions such as Islamic institutes and universities. Among the most widely used Shafi'i books are Fath al-Mu'in, Fath al-Qarib, Kifayat al-Akhyar, Fath al-Wahhab, and Safinat al-Naja. Keywords : History, Islam, Mazhab, Syafii, Indonesia