Evaluation of waste management in healthcare facilities: A meta-analysis study

The aim of this study is to evaluate the knowledge, awareness, and practice levels of healthcare workers in Turkey regarding medical waste management through a meta analysis method and to systematically identify existing deficiencies. A total of 8 studies conducted on healthcare workers and published between 2019 and 2023 were examined using the meta analysis method. The Random Effects model was employed for the analysis, and heterogeneity and publication bias tests were performed. A significant level of heterogeneity (I² > 75%) was detected among the studies in terms of healthcare workers' knowledge and practice levels. Funnel plot analysis and Egger-Begg tests indicated no publication bias. The findings revealed regional disparities and a general insufficiency in the knowledge levels of healthcare workers in Turkey concerning medical waste management. Accordingly, it is recommended to strengthen training and monitoring mechanisms. In conclusion, medical waste management is a critical process for minimizing environmental impacts and protecting public health. Effective implementation of waste management in healthcare institutions can generate environmental and social benefits. Evaluating studies in the literature through meta-analysis may contribute to the development and implementation of medical waste management policies.