The flora of Samandere Valley and Uğur Köyü - Şimşirlik Sıte (Düzce)

The study includes the flora of Samandere Valley and Uğur Köyü ? Şimşirlik site has been carried out between 2010 to 2012. Samandere Valley is situated at the south eastern part of Düzce, at the northern part of Western Black Sea Region. The altitude of the area is varried between 240 and 1550 metres. The study area is in the A3 grid square according to the categorization of P.H.Davis. The study area is under the influences of Euxine sub-flora region of Euro-Siberian, Flora region of Meditterranean and Flora region of Irano-Turanian. 1150 specimens were collected in 18 field trips to research area between 2010 and 2012. 87 families, 309 genus and 532 taxa were determined. 18 of the determinated taxa are the new record for the A3 square. 22 of the collected taxa are endemic and endemism ratio is 4,13 %. Phytogeographically, Euro-Siberian elements are: % 33,64, Irano-Turanian elements: % 1,69, Mediterranean elements: % 7,70 and widespread or unknown: % 56,95. The family including the most genus and specimen is Compositae with 31 genus, 46 taxa. The plant life forms of Raunkiaer systems are 72 (% 13,53) Phanerophytes, 31 (% 5,82) Chamaephytes, 229 (% 43,06) Hemicryptophytes, 65 (% 12,21) Cryptophytes [57 (% 10,71) Geophytes + 8 (% 1,50) Hydrophytes] ve 120 (% 22,25) Therophytes. 15 (% 2,81) taxa life forms are unknown.