The use of industrial ready-made products in plastic arts(painting and sculpture) education as art objects

THE USE OF INDUSTRIAL READY-MADE PRODUCTS IN PLASTIC ARTS (PAINTING AND SCULPTURE) EDUCATION AS ART OBJECTS ABSTRACT In Turkey, plastic arts education in Western sense started with the School of Fine Arts (Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi). This education was continued at teacher training schools that were opened in the following periods to train teachers. Ankara Gazi Education Institute, Marmara Education Institute, and Buca Education Institute provided education on plastic arts for many years. These institutions were converted into faculties in 1982. However, this change did not go beyond being a mere change of name. The same curriculum and course contents continued with the same teaching staff and in the same places. The search for different expression forms, which began in the early 1900s with the Impressionists, led to the emergence of many novel artistic movements in European art. In later years, when some artists started to use ready-made products as objects in art, different ways of expression were tried in art. The effects of these practices, which were accelerated especially in 1960s, became obvious much later in Turkey. In early 20th Century, the creative process, which was freed from the traditional ways of art and from the limited possibilities of materials, and which was given unlimited materials and technology, developed in parallel to the rich opportunities of the materials used in the act of creation as art objects. Today, all kinds of techniques and materials are used in the process of artistic creation as art objects. However, the institutions that provide fine arts education (painting and sculpture) in Turkey provide education mostly with traditional methods and materials. The main idea that constituted the basis of this paper is that the infertility brought by the limited opportunities of the traditional materials and techniques used as objects in plastic arts education (painting and sculpture) hinders the creation process. In actual fact, the enhancement of the materials and techniques, which may be employed as art objects, will accelerate the development of creative thinking, and in this way, create a rich art culture. In this paper, for the purpose of determining the boundaries of the subject, the opportunities of using ready-to-use objects that are defined as ready-made products, the request for their use until our present time, and works of artists were exemplified, and their philosophical bases were analyzed. Keywords: Ready-made products, art education, art, sculpture.