Comparison of the effects of ascorbic acid and magnesium on liver as a remote organ damage in renal ischemia-reperfusion model in rats

Background: Renal ischemia-reperfusion ( I/R) may cause dysfunction of distant organs such as the heart, lung, brain, and liver, as well as damage to the kidneys. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of magnesium and ascorbic acid on the liver as remote organ damage induced by renal ischemia-reperfusion. Materials and Methods: In this study include 35 Wistar albino male rats ranging in weight from 250-300 g were divided into 5 groups. The Sham Group (n=7) was a laparotomy, 45 min ischemia and 240 min reperfusions were applied to other groups. No drugs were applied to the IR Group (n=7). 250 mg/kg ascorbic acid 1 hour before ischemia in the Ascorbic Acid Group (n=7), Magnesium Group (n=7) was administered to 200 mg/kg magnesium sulfate 1 hour before ischemia, ascorbic acid, and magnesium sulfate intraperitoneal in the same doses 1 hour before ischemia (n=7). MDA, GSH, Caspase-3, and SOD levels were determined in the liver tissues received, serum ALT, AST, Albumin, and Billurbine levels were measured in blood samples. H&E and PAS paintings for histological examinations, TUNEL immunohistochemical staining for apoptotic cell examinations. p<0.05 value was considered statistically significant. Results: ALT values were found to be significantly lower in Ascorbic Acid (p: 0.002) and Magnesium (p: 0.017) groups compared to the IR group. AST value was found to be significantly lower in Ascorbic Acid (p: 0.004), Magnesium (p: 0.011) group compared to the IR group. MDA was significantly lower in Ascorbic Acid (p: 0.004) group compared to the IR group. GSH was found to be significantly higher in the Magnesium (p<0.001) and Ascorbic acid + Magnesium (p< 0.001) group compared to the IR group. Caspase-3 was significantly lower in the Ascorbic Acid group compared to Group IR (p: 0.017). As a result of H&E and PAS staining, less damage was detected in the drug-treated groups. TUNEL counts of the Ascorbic Acid + Magnesium group were found to be significantly lower than the IR group counts (p <0.001). Conclusions: According to the data obtained, it was determined that the administration of 250 mg/kg ascorbic acid and 200 mg/kg magnesium before ischemia in the renal I/R model created in rats reduced the distant organ damage in the liver. Keywords: Liver, Ischaemia Reperfusion Injury, Remote Organ Injury, Ascorbic Acid, Magnesium