Effects of (R)-(-) and (S)-(+) carvone on penicillin-induced epileptiform activity in rats

(R)-(-) and (S)-(+) karvon, peppermint (Mentha spicat) and cumin (caraway) is obtained from the seeds of.This material were obtained and used by the public because it is sedative, relaxant, and anticonvulsant such as therapeutic effect in traditional medical. Aim of this study is to investigate acute effects of (R)-(-) ve (S)-(+) Carvon , which has been shown relieving anxiety, antiepileptic , effective as antinociceptive protective and also with the inhibition of membrane lipid peroxidation on experimental penicillin-induced epilepsy model in rats. In this study 91 adult male Wistar rats were used, and these rats were divided into 13 groups as 500 I. U. penicillin-G applied to the control group (n:7), Saline applied to the sham group(n: 7), only the 200 mg/kg (R)-(-) carbon group (n: 7) , only the 200 mg/kg (S)-(+) carbon group (n: 7) , Dimethyl sulfoksit used as a solvent (DMSO) group (n: 7), before the seizures pre-penicillin-G +100 mg/kg (R)-(-) carbon group (n = 7), penicillin-G +200 mg/kg (R)-(-) carbon group (n = 7), penicillin-G +100 mg/kg (S)-(+) carbon group (n = 7), penicillin-G +200 mg/kg (S)-(+) carbon group (n = 7), during a seizure, penicillin-G +100 mg/kg (R)-(-) carbon group (n = 7), penicillin-G +200 mg/kg (R)-(-) carbon group (n = 7), penicillin-G +100 mg/kg (S)-(+) carbon group (n = 7), penicillin-G +200 mg/kg (S)-(+) carbon group (n: 7). All of the substances were administered intraperitoneally except penicillin. After rats were anesthetized with administration of the 1.25 g/kg dose urethane intraperitoneally, the left part of the cortex was opened and the electrodes were placed on somatomotor area. After taking 5 minute basal activity recordings in all groups, (R)-(-) and (S)-(+) carvone were injected before seizure groups. After 30 minutes later, penicillin (500 IU) was injected intracortically. In seizure groups, penicillin was injected after 5 minutes basal activity recordings. 30 minutes later, (R)-(-) and (S)-(+) carvone were applied. The time to onset of first spike wave latency, spike-wave frequency and spike-wave amplitude of epileptiform activity were analysed statistically. Results: In the group treated with only substance groups, sham and solvent groups were not identified any epileptiform activity. The median values of latency time to onset of first epileptic seizure of 100 mg/kg (S)-(+) carvone were found to be significantly lower than the control, 100 and 200 mg/kg (R)-(-) carvone (p=0,008). Median of frequency and amplitude of epileptiform activity measured between 0-120 minutes were not significantly different among groups, except some time periods (0-5, 6-10, 31-35, 36-40 and 41-45) (p>0,05). Conclusion: In this study, although only 100 mg/kg (S)-(+) carvon was reduced the time latency time to onset of first epileptiform activity, it has been shown that carvone was not affected on spike wave frequency and amplitude in penicillin induced epilepsy model. Consequently, according to our data the results of the present study show that administration of carvone has antiepileptic effect in penicillin induced model of epilepsy in rats and it may be a potential antiepileptogenic drug in future.