Grafting studies on cellulose

In this study, N-(4-nitrophenyl)acrylamide (4NPA) and N-cyclohexylacrylamide (NCHA) monomers were synthesized and characterization by IR, 1H and 13C NMR techniques. In addition, powder cellulose, and some of these monomers were grafted by using two different methods, with some vinyl monomers, through free radical graft copolymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP).In the first of these methods, primary OH groups in powder cellulose were first transformed to ester groups with methacryloylchloride and cellulose methacrylate was obtained. This cellulose methacrylate was grafted with the synthesized monomer and 4-vinylpyridine (4VP), acrylamide (AM), methacrylamide (MAM), diacetone acrylamide (DAAM), methylmethacrylate (MMA), diallylamine (DA) monomers, in presence of 2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile) AIBN in acetonitrile as solvent. In the second method, with the atom transfer radical graft copolymerization, primary OH groups of powder cellulose was first reacted with chloroacetylchloride and cellulose chloroacetate was obtained. Used cellulose chloroacetate as macro initiator was grafted with synthesized the monomer and AM, DAAM and DA monomers in the presence copper (I) chloride and as ligands 2,2'-bipyridine at 130°C in the N,N-Dimethylformamide. Some graft copolymers of Poly[Sel-g-(4NFAA-co-MMA)] and Poly[Sel-g-(SHAA-co-MMA)] were prepared in the presence of CuCI/2,2'-bipyridine. The monomer reactivity ratios of graft copolymerization were calculated by using Kelen-Tudos (KT), Finemann-Ross (FR), and Inverted Finemann-Ross (IFR), Yezrielev-Brokhina-Roskin (YBR), and Extended Kelen-Tudos (EKT) methods.The graft copolymers were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TGA and AAS techniques.In addition, water and metal ion uptake properties and electrical conductivity of the graft obtained from cellulose were determined and the results were discussed.Keywords: Cellulose, N-(4-nitrophenyl)acrylamide, N-cyclohexylacrylamide, Graft Copolymer, Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization