Investigation of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes from paraffin blocks of reverse time PCR methods in patients with cervical cancer

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the most common HPV subtypes that cause cervical cancer in Gaziantep and its region and to determine the appropriate HPV vaccine for patients who are not yet infected to protect them. In addition, more strict follow-up of patients infected with these subtypes but not developing neoplasia should be more careful in terms of early diagnosis and treatment. Material and Methods: In this study, 74 cervical cancer tissue specimens obtained from GAUN Faculty of Medicine Pathology Department Laboratories were used. HPV positivity of the samples was determined by Real time PCR method and typed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Findings: Cervical cancer type of 74 samples were determined as squamous cell carcinoma. In 5 (6.8%) of 74 samples, HPV 16 was found to be effected with single subtypes, whereas in 1 patient (1.4%) HPV 56 was found to be effected with single subtypes. In the other 68 patients (92.8%), several HPV subtypes super infections were observed together. Of 68 patients with superinfection, 68 (100%) had HPV 16, 56 had HPV 45 (82%), 31 had HPV 18 (45%), 13 had HPV 56 (19%), and 11 had HPV 33 (16%) were observed with other subtypes. Conclusion: HPV 16, HPV 45, HPV 18 infections have been shown to be the most important HPV subtypes in cervical cancer development in our region. HPV vaccination between 9-26 years of age and especially 11-12 years of age has been found to significantly reduce the development of cervical cancer. Since the most commonly detected HPV types in our region are 16,45 and 18, it is recommended that the vaccine recommended in our region be Gardasil-9 type containing these subtypes. This vaccine is not available in our country. Quadrivalent vaccine protects against 31/33/45/52/58 from other oncogenic HPV subtypes due to cross-reaction after vaccination (1). Therefore, we recommend Quadrivalent vaccine for vaccination in Gaziantep and its region. In addition, patients who are infected with these HPV subtypes should be followed up more closely for cervical cancer and more careful of early diagnosis and treatment.