A research factor of the promoting soccer aggressiveness according to spectaclers

The purpose of this study is to search, from the beginning point of spectators' perspective, by the direct related reference groups; media, spectators, trainer, football players, club administrators, security forces, referee and football federation in football sport and those factors' behaviors effect on football spectators aggressiveness. The population of the study was football teams' spectators of 2001-2002 Super League and sample was created from 2380 spectators which watched the eight matches of seven teams in Super League. In study as a data collecting tool, a questionnaire which has 21 questions and 74 articles, include demographic information and different reference groups effecting level data on spectators aggressiveness, had used. In the same season, a previous practice had been done in a Super League match and the reliability of the questionnaire had tried by the Cronbach Alpha technique and internal consistency coefficient had calculated as.94. Evaluation of data had made by percentage, frequency dispersion and age, for according to education and occupation variable One Way Variance Analysis (ANOVA), to find the meaningful difference groups Tukey HDS multi comparison test. For evaluation the values, SPSS 11.0 statistics programme had used. The football spectators which selected for the study, different reference groups are directly "effected" or "much effected" on spectators aggressiveness. As "much effected" external factors; referee (x=4.38) and rival teams' spectators (x=4.37) had shown, sport media (x=4.15), football federation (x=3.97), players (x=3.82) and club administrators (x=3.75) followed in orderly. In "effected" factors' least effects were security forces (police) (x=3.62) and Trainers (x=3.44). The related behaviors that making spectators' aggressiveness more and more had investigated. In sport media behaviors, "the provocative articles and declarations about club, team and players" (x=4.15), "the articles and declarations that marked spectators" (x=4.14) had found effected. In rival spectators' behaviors "the ugly cheer and/or aggressiveness" and "the ugly cheer to administrators, trainer and players" behaviors had understood as "much effected" (x=4.37; 4.23). Rival trainers "provoked behaviors after the goal" (x=4.14) and "provoked behaviors to rival193 spectators" (x=4.12) and the own team trainer's "wrong match staff selecting" (x=3.80) had "effected" too. "Bad football playing" of favorite team (x=4.03), rival team players "after goal or general provoked behaviors in match" had "effected" (x=4.43) and "Hard playing against to favorite players" (x=4.23) and had evaluationed as "much effected" in spectators aggressiveness. In club administrators' behaviors "provoked behaviors to rival spectators with cheerleaders or supporters" and "supporting of aggressive spectators' behaviors (ticket, money, job etc.)" had took the same effected value (x=3.95), security forces' behaviors "unnecessary hard use" (x=4.03) had seen effected in aggressiveness. In referee behaviors "showing wrong cards and opposition decisions", (x=4.41) "protecting behaviors for rival players" (x=4.29) and "in the past to took sides to some teams' matches" (x=4.28) result had defined as "much effected" behaviors. By football federation behavior "political effect or force for support some teams" had seen "more effected" (x=4.23) like the same as spectators aggressiveness. Generally aggressiveness is evaluationed as becoming from spectators but in fact all external groups that surrounded the football are directly effected by the aggressiveness. According to research results, precaution against to the spectators' aggressiveness must determine effected components specially referee, media, club administrator, football federation and security force.