Evaluation of the effectiveness of the recommended toothpaste after different whitening treatments on cytokin levels in smokers/non-smokers patients

This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of bleaching treatment on cytokine levels by applying different bleaching treatments to smokers/non-smokers. The study was carried out on 40 volunteers selected from among the patients applied for bleaching treatment. The patients are divided into two subgroups (n=20) according to their smoking/non-smoking status. The patients in both groups had two sessions of bleaching treatment with an interval of 14 days with bleaching agents (Whiteness HP Blue, FGM). Groups; Group 1A: Non-smokers chemical activated, Group 1B: Non-smokers diode laser-activated bleaching methods, Group 2A: Smoked chemical activated, Group 2B: Smoked diode laser-activated bleaching methods. During the bleaching process, right/left arch randomization is performed on the patients; Chemical bleaching on the right lower - upper jaws and diode laser-activated bleaching on the left lower - upper jaws are applied. After treatment, Colgate Optic White toothpaste is advised to the patients. Color change values are evaluated with the spectrophotometer (VITA Easy Shade Advance Digital Dental Instrument) before treatment, two weeks later, and three months after treatment. In addition, patients' tooth sensitivity is evaluated with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The periodontal status of the patients is evaluated using periodontal indexes. The cytokine (IL-6, TNF-A) levels in saliva and GCF samples are determined with ELISA analyses. After the treatment, effective bleaching is obtained in all groups (p<0.05). The highest color change is observed in Group 1B. Sensitivity values are observed lower in Group 1A and Group 2A. While PI* values decreased, GI* and CI* values increased in all groups depending on the bleaching. ¬ There was a temporaly increase in TNF-α and IL-6 levels in saliva-DOS samples in all groups after bleaching TNF-α and IL-6 levels were lower in the smoked group in all measurements. Keywords: Bleaching, Laser, Cytokine, Toothpaste