The effect of different planting frequencies and diurnal variability on yield and quality traits of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) in Siirt ecological conditions

In this study, the effects of different planting densities and diurnal variability on yield and quality characteristics of rosemary (Rosmanirus officinalis L.) plant were investigated in Siirt ecological conditions. The study area was carried out in the trial area established in 2017. In the experiment, plot widths of 2,8 m, plot lengths of 3 m, row spacings of 70 cm, and in-row distances of 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 cm were prepared as 4 replications. Yield and quality characteristics of different planting densities and diurnal variability were investigated and evaluated. It is aimed to determine the most suitable harvest time by following the development of Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) plant in Siirt conditions. During the 50% flowering period, 01:00, 03:00, 05:00, 07:00, 09:00, 11:00, 13:00, 15:00, 17:00, 19:00 in every 2 hours harvesting was done at 12 different hours at 21:00 and 23:00. In the harvested experiment, plant height, number of major branches, canopy diameter, green herb yield, drug herb yield, drug leaf yield, drug stem yield, essential oil ratio, essential oil yield, essential oil harvest time and essential oil components were investigated. In the study, while the effects of row spacing on plant height, number of major branches, canopy diameter, essential oil ratio, essential oil harvest time components were not found statistically significant, green herb yield, drug herb yield, drug leaf yield, and drug stem yield were found to be statistically significant. The effect of diurnal variability on essential oil yield was found to be statistically significant. According to the results of the research, the plant height is 72.67-78,67 cm, the number of major branches is 9-12, the canopy diameter is 54.33-63,33 cm, the green herb yield is 1565.17-4027,43 kg/da the drug herb yield is 879. ,33-2245,40 kg/da drug leaf yield 470.33-1193,83 kg/ha, drug stem yield 406.93-1050,80 kg/da essential oil rate 0.30-0.40%, the essential oil yield varied between 1.71-3.52 l/da and the essential oil harvest time between 0.23-0.47 L/da. When the essential oil composition is examined, the main components detected at 12 different harvest hours were determined as: camphor (9.91-25.26%), 1,8- cineole (13.22-16.99%), bicyclo (9.13-25.53), α-terpineol (2.48-4%, 36), α-pinene (0.39-9.07%), linalool (2.67-3.93%) and borneol (5.25-11.04%). A total of 24 different essential oil components have been identified. As a result of the research, it was seen that different planting frequencies had a significant effect on essential oil yield. Diurnal variability has also been found to have a significant effect on essential oil quality in Siirt ecological conditions.