The relationship of milk yield, anti-müllerian hormone and metabolic profile test parameters with first insemination conception rate in simmental cows

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between milk yield, Anti Müllerian Hormone (AMH) and metabolic profile test parameters, and conception rate at first insemination in Simmental cow on postpartum day 60. The study used 60 Simmental cows without any health problems and at least in their second lactation from a private cattle farm in Kuruçay, Burdur. After birth, the milk yields of the selected animals were recorded for the first 60 days through a farm monitoring program. The calculated milk yields were ranked from low to high, forming the 1st Group (n:30) with low milk yields and the 2nd Group (n:30) with high milk yields. The G6G protocol was applied, and a synchronization protocol was initiated on the 42nd day postpartum, followed by artificial insemination on the 60th day. After synchronization, all animals were inseminated with proven fertile bull using the rectovaginal method. The pregnancy rate on the 60th day after insemination was determined using ultrasound. Immediately after artificial insemination, blood samples were collected from the vena coccygea for metabolic profile and AMH tests. The serum samples were centrifuged, extracted, and stored at -20°C. AMH levels were evaluated using the ELISA method. When evaluating milk yield, a lower lactation number was found in the low milk yield group compared to the high milk yield group (p<0.05). The Ca/P ratio, glucose, and AMH levels were higher in the high milk yield group, while phosphorus levels were lower in the low milk yield group (p<0.05). Based on AMH levels, animals with low AMH levels were found to have lower glucose levels than animals with moderate and high AMH levels (p<0.05). Positive correlations were observed between milk yield and Ca/P and AMH; AMH levels also showed positive correlations with ALB/GLB (p<0.05) and NEFA (p<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups according to pregnancy status (p>0.05). Although it was not statistically significant, AMH levels of pregnant animals were higher than AMH levels of nonpregnant animals. In light of the obtained data, it was observed that the AMH parameter in Simmental cows is related to milk yield and pregnancy, and certain parameters of the metabolic profile test contribute to this relationship. Key Words: AMH, Metabolic profile, Milk yield, Pregnancy, Simmental cow