The Conquest and Islamization of Sind Region (H.15-416/A.D.636-1026)

In this study, the interaction of the Islamic civilization with the Indian civilization was examined by analyzing the events of the conquest and the Islamization of the Sindh region. In addition, the relation of Arabs and Sindhies, within the framework of Eastern-Western commercial operations, and their social, political and cultural activities have been revealed in this work. This study also deals with some major issues such as conquests and the political situation in Sindh region, appointment of governors and indigenous people to the important positions, settlement of Muslims in Sindh region, rise of Arab tribal conflicts and internal revolts of aboriginal people during the Arab dominion of the Sindh. Simultaneously, Islamization activities like construction of mosques and the spreading of Islam by preaching have been discussed. Moreover, the importance of Islamic civilization in the region with the establishment of cities such as al-Mahfuzah, al-Mansurah, al-Beyzâ and al-Mansurah, gaining the title of capital of the region, has been discussed. Furthermore, in this study, the scientific development of the region, translation activities, prominent Sindhi scholars and their valuable contribution to the Islamic civilization were also emphasized in detail. Finally, the emergence of the dynasty system in the region, the division of the Sindh region into three parts as al-Mansurah, Mukran and Multan, weakening of the Arab-Muslim power and the transition of the power to Sultan Mahmûd of Ghazni were examined in this study. Key words: Sindh, Islamic conquests, al-Mansurah, Daybul, Multan, Makran