Examination of the relationship of the sinus maxillaries floor with the maxillary posterior teeth with cone-beam computed tomography

Maxillary sinus (MS) sizes vary significantly between gender and ethnic groups. As the MS completes its development, the maxillary posterior teeth (MPT) become in close contact with the sinus floor. This situation creates a perforation risk for the sinus during any intervention to the MPT and alveoli. Considering this close relationship and variability, it was aimed to examine the MS morphology of the relationship between CBCT images of patients over the age of 18 were taken were analyzed retrospectively with Planmeca ProMax 3D Mid device (with Romexia software version 3.2.0). Patients with sinus pathologies that disrupted the MS's structure and patients with a previous history of surgical operation from the mouth and jaw area were not included in the study.The average age of the 207 patients included in the study was 45 ± 17. On these images, the relationship between the right and left sinus floor of each individual and 2 premolar and 3 molar teeth was evaluated according to the typing used by Kwak et al. Afterwards, the antherioposterior (APD), transverse diameter (TD) and vertical diameters (VD) of the MS were measured, and the presence, number, frequency and location of septa at the floor of the MS were examined: Septa position was determined as anterior, media, and posterior. The patients were divided into groups as young, middle-aged and elderly according to certain age ranges. CBCT images of 207 individuals between the ages of 18-92, ninety-nine females and 108 males, were examined. In 2 of the 3 morphological measurements (APD, VD) measured in MS, the diameter of men was statistically higher than women (p = 0.004, p = 0.00), no significant correlation was found between MS diameters and age. When 410 MS belonging to two hundred and seven individuals without any perforation and pathology were examined, it was found that the septa localization was the most in the media (2nd molar region) with a rate of 48.7% in cases with septa. When the relationship between the base of the SM and the PMD was examined, it was seen that the molar teeth were in closer relationship with the base of the SM compared to the premolars. This study is considered to be important for dentists and clinicians who will perform procedures in this area.