The effect of tens and music applications on the pain and anxiety level during extracorporeal shock wave li̇thotri̇psy (ESWL)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of TENS and listening to music on pain and anxiety in shock wave crushing during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) process. It was planned as quasi-experimental. The research population consisted of patients treated with ESWL in the Department of Urology at Düzce University Research and Application Hospital, between 27.07.2018-17.02.2019. 68 volunteer patients whose number was determined by power analysis method and which met the study criteria, were included in the sample of the study. The sample was randomly divided into two groups, 34 patients were music group and 34 patients were TENS group. The sample was divided into two groups randomly, 34 patients constituted the music group and 34 patients constituted the TENS group. The data of the study were collected using "Patient Information Form", "State Anxiety Inventory STAI-I", "Visual Analogue Scale "VAS" and "Pain Monitoring Form". Routine stone breaking procedure was applied to the all patients in the first session. In the second session, patients in the music group listened to their preferred music type with headphones during the ESWL procedure, and 34 patients in the TENS group received TENS during ESWL./ In the second session patients in the music group listened to their preferred music type with headphones and TENS was applied to the patients in the TENS group during ESWL process. The data obtained from the study were analyzed with SPSS 21 package program. Due to the data is not normally distributed, Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparisons between groups and Wilcoxen sign test was used for intragroup comparisons. VAS scores and STAI-I values were found significantly lower in both groups after ESWL with TENS and music (p <0.05) Satisfaction of patients in TENS group was found to be significantly higher than the patents in music group (p <0.05It was observed that the pain characteristics of the groups after the applications, throbbing style pain (blunt pain) were intense, and knife sting-style pain (sharp pain) increasedIt was determined that there was no significant difference between STAI-I pre and post ESWL scores between the groups (p> 0.05). As a conclusion; It was determined that TENS application and listening to music decreased pain intensity and anxiety level during ESWL, as well as TENS application increased patient satisfaction more than listening to music.