Effect of verbal and visual feedback towards achievement in learning and retention the skills of forward roll, backward roll, hand stand snap down of secondays school grade 6, students of gymnastics unit

ABSTRACTEFFECT OF VERBAL AND VISUAL FEEDBACK TOWARDSACHIEVEMENT IN LEARNING AND RETENT ON THE SKILLS OFFORWARD ROLL, BACKWARD ROLL, HAND STAND SNAP DOWN OFSECONDAYS SCHOOL GRADE 6, STUDENTS OF GYMNASTICS UNITbrahim AKTAŞMA: Departmnet of Physical EducationSupervisor: Asst. Prof. Dilşad M RZEOĞLUSeptember 2006, Page:200The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of verbal teacher feedbackand visual video feedback in learning the skills of forward roll, backward roll andhand stand snap down which are taught in gymnastics lesson for the students ofphysical education of the 6th grade.Students of 6th grade from Kıbrıscık, one of the districts of Bolu, in 2005-2006 teaching calendar have participated in this study. In verbal feedback group ofthe study, there were 20 students (age(x)±ss=12.11±0.2), visual feedback groupstudents (age(x)±ss=12±0) and in control group 20 students (age(x)±ss=12.04±0.22),hence totally 60 students participated in this study. 25 of the participants weremales and 35 of them were females.While forming the observation files regarding the skills, three experts in therelated fields and one expert on measurement and evaluation were applied to get theirsuggestions in the process of data collection. Pretest-posttest - retentionperformances of the students were recorded in Sony video camera and observationforms were filled by the three observers who are experts in their field, watching onvideo. Kruskall-Wallis H was used in order to determine if there is differencebetween the groups and observers of the data analysis. Wilcoxon signed Lines testwas applied to determine the development of the groups among themselves. Mann-Whitney U Test was also applied to sort out the differences between the groups andthe skills. The level of significance was 0,05.According to the findings, when the pre-test and post-test scores were takeninto account, a significant difference among experimental and control groups? skillperformances (p<0.05). In terms of accomplishment levels, verbal feedback group(VFG) was observed that they were statistically more qualified in learning the skillsof backward roll and hand stand snap down than the control group (CG) while visual(videotape) feedback group (VTFG) were statistically more qualified in backwardroll than the control group. When comparing the grades of accomplishment of VFGand VTFG, the meaningful difference was reached favor of VFG in hand stand snapdown. As for the retentivity, in the skill of hand stand snap down of verbal feedbackgroup, there is a meaningful difference when compared to that of the control group.There was no difference in retention between VFG and VTFG regarding the threeskills. Comparing the total accomplishment grades of the groups participating in thestudy, VFG was observed to be meaningfully different from that of CG nevertheless,there was no difference between VTFG and CG, VFG and VTFG. When comparingthe total retention, the only difference was between VFG and CG.According the results, verbal feedback group have learned the skills offorward roll, backward roll and hand stand snap down in skill level of gymnasticsmuch better than that of the control group. Visual feedback group have learnedbackward roll and achieved quite better than that of the control group. There was nostatistically difference in retention and achievement between verbal and visualfeedback.Key Words: Verbal Feedback, Visual Feedback, Achievement, Retention,Psychomotor Domain.