Study the role of glypican-5 in prognosis of glomerular dysfunction in patients with diabetic kidney disease

Dıabetıc kidney disease is one of the most common diabetic microvascular complications affecting up to 20–40% of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and may lead to end stage renal disease (ESRD), thus influencing the morbidity and mortality of patients with T2DM, Glypican-5 (GPC5) is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) localized to the plasma membrane so its found its level increase in urin sample of diabetic nephropathy. This study aimed to explain the role of Glypican-5 in type 2 diabetes with and without kidney disease,Increased information about type 2 diabetes, as well as recent information about the progression of the disease and the mechanisms of its development into nephropathy disease, Increasing information about the mechanism of Glypican-5 in the development of diabetic kidney disease and study the posibilty to be predictor for kidney disease in patient with T2DM, A review of recent studies on the role of Glypican-5 in type 2 diabetes with and without kidney disease. This study was undertaken in Karbala city, Imam Hussein Teaching Hospital, and a few private clinics between May and November 2022. The study involved 90 participants. Their ages range between (15) and (70) years. The patients were placed into three groups: group A, group B, and group C. (G1) Control: comprised of healthy individuals (n=30), group (G2) Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (n= 30) and group (G3) (30) Patients were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and renal impairment. Serum and plasma levels of Glypican-5 were the biochemical variables tested.level by ELISA.By colorimetric methods measuring: Fasting plasma glucose, ii Measurement of glycated hemoglobin( HbA1c), lipid profile (cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, HDL, vLDL), blood urea, serum creatinine. These parameters were determined in the sera of both the patient and control groups. Of this study showed The result showed that increased significant (P < 0.005) of glypican5 Mean ± SD (151.21±37.51) in (G2) Patients with Diabetes Mellitus type 2 and(113.95±31.43) in (G3) Patients of type 2Diabetes Mellitus with kidney disease when compared with control group(G1)( 121.00±22.63). The result showed that increased level of glucose significant (P < 0.005) in (G2) Patients with Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (252.57±75.19) and (222.30±46.72) in G3 Patients compared to the control group G1 (101.67 15.07), the incidence of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with renal disease was higher in the study group G2 (101.67 15.07). In addition, In comparison to the control group G1, the level of HBA1C increased significantly (P 0.05) in groups G2 and G3 (10.30 versus 2.38). (5.25.01). Serum of lipid profile Cholesterol, Triglyceride (TG), Very Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (VLDL), High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL), and Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL) were significantly elevated in the patient groups G2 and G3 compared to the control group G1. The results of this investigation indicate a considerable increase in the serum levels of Urea and Creatinine in the patient groups were level of Uera in (G2) Patients with Diabetes Mellitus type2 (36.70 ± 8.19) and(130.15 ± 40.83) (G3) Patients of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with kidney disease in comparison with control group G1 (26.27 ± 6.93) , while the level of serum Creatinine were (.92 ± .11) in (G2) Patients and ( 5.54± 2.22) in G3 comparison with control group G1. There are high significant difference between the groups G2 and G3 in the level serum of Urea and Creatinine(36.70 ±8.19) , (130.15 ± 40.83), (.92 ± .11), ( 5.54± 2.22) straightly. The results of this study showed increased significant (P < 0.005) in mean age of patient was (47.97±16.74),( 63.10 ±7.51) whereas the mean age of the control group was (41.0715.41), no statistically significant differences were seen between groups G2 and G3 and the control group G1