Özne ve tarih: Alman idealizminde aşkınlığın kuruluşu

The principal subject of our thesis is the foundation of transcendence in German Idealism. The concept of transcendence is one of the most fundamental and problematic concepts of Kantian philosophy and of the idealist school that follows the critical philosophy. Kant?s transcendental philosophy introduces a distinction between the concepts of ?transcendental? and ?transcendence?. That which constitutes the non-empirical structures of the human faculty of knowledge is called transcendental. All that is beyond the empirical domain is called transcendent. With this distinction, the transcendent domain is not anymore a domain neither of experience nor of knowledge. However, this distinction does not allow having knowledge of transcendent beings such as the soul, God and freedom. Those concepts are of utmost importance for the human existence in its finitude.Our work begins with a critical lecture of Kant and continues with the problematization and foundation of transcendence in philosophers of post-Kantian period. We have also discussed the attempts to provide a systematic unity to the Kantian thought. The philosophers with which we have dealt in our thesis are K. L. Reinhold, G. E. Schulze, J. G. Fichte, F. W. J. Schelling and G. W. F. Hegel. Through a lecture of these philosophers, we have tried to show the relation between the modern subject, history and transcendence.