Education in Izmit Sanjak During the Reign of Abdülhamit II. (1876-1909)

This thesis is about modernization of the Ottoman education and educational institutions in the city of Izmit during the reign of Second Abdülhamit. Literature search method was used in this study. In addition to books and articles on the subject, Ottoman archival documents and Ottoman state annuals were used in this study. Ottoman education system has begun to modernize since the end of the 18th century. The first serious steps for the establishment of modern education system was thrown in the period of Mahmut II. Starting from this period, both modern organization and new educational institutions were established in education. With the Education Regulation published in 1869, a new transformation process started in Ottoman education. The conditions under which the new educational institutions to be opened by means of regulations and where they will be opened are determined within the framework of a law. The period of Abdülhamit II. emerges as a period in which the steps taken in the field of education bear fruit of the Tanzimat period and the opportunity to implement it. Thanks to the educational policy carried out during this period, schooling was not limited to İstanbul and spread to the entire Ottoman provinces. The aim of our thesis is that the Muslim and non Muslim schools in the Izmit during the reign of Second Abdülhamit. Our thesis consist of two parts. İn the first section are described that the history and geography of Izmit, the formation of Izmit Sancagi, the modernization of Ottoman education, general characteristics of the period of Abdülhamit II. and the educational institutions during the reign of Abdülhamit II. İn the second part are explained that the educational institutions in the Sanjak of Izmit before the reign of Abdülhamit II and the Muslim and non Muslim educational institutions in the Sanjak of Izmit during the reign of Abdülhamit II.