The single-point bending analysis and abaqus modeling of steel fibers and rubber aggregates derived from waste tires for sustainable bollard design

This thesis examines the effects of steel fibers and rubber aggregates recovered from waste tires on the performance of reinforced concrete structural elements within the framework of sustainability principles. The low tensile strength and limited ductility of concrete pose significant disadvantages in the construction industry. In this context, the study aims to enhance the mechanical properties of concrete and reduce environmental impacts by utilizing recycled materials. The research introduces an innovative approach to improving the durability of bollards and similar structural elements. In the study, cantilever-type static single-point bending tests were conducted on reinforced concrete specimens measuring 110 cm in length with square cross-sections (10x10 cm, 15x15 cm, and 20x20 cm). The specimens were designed to include steel fibers and rubber aggregates at 5% and 10% proportions. Comparative analysis with reference specimens showed that steel fibers improved crack control and load-bearing capacity, while rubber aggregates reduced the modulus of elasticity and enhanced the deformation capacity and impact resistance of the concrete. Experimental data were analyzed using high-precision measurement devices and the Abaqus program. Steel fibers were found to enhance post-crack load-bearing capacity and impart ductility to concrete, whereas rubber aggregates positively influenced the elastic and plastic behavior of the material. The use of these materials in bollards and similar structural elements provides durable and eco-friendly solutions. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the incorporation of steel fibers and rubber aggregates derived from recycled waste tires into reinforced concrete structural elements yields significant environmental and engineering benefits. The findings offer valuable scientific foundations for the development of sustainable construction materials and the promotion of environmentally friendly practices in the construction industry.