A comparable investigation on the properties of cotton fibers produced in Syria and Turkey and their spinning capabilities

On reference to the strategical importance of cotton and its role in the Syrian and Turkish economy, the differences between the cotton fiber properties and its impact on the yarn quality is an issue to be argued. To perform this objectives this study had been done, in which different cotton varieties taken from the season 2005/2006 in both countries. İn this study and after general information about cotton were given, its position in the world, Syria an Turkey was studied. İn addation the cotton fibers classification and their properties were defined. The Syrian samples were: 12XX degree, 12M degree, 33M degree, 52M degree and 71 degree. While the Turkish samples were: from Chukurova region; SG-125 and Adana cotton, from Ege region; Karmen and Nazilli 84 and from GAP region; Shanliurfa extra cotton. When the samples were compared the cotton fiber tensile properties, short fiber index and length were not high significantly different. But in the other properties like, color, cleanness and neps significant differences were found; in term of neps the Turkish cotton was found better than the Syrian. But the Syrian cotton was found cleaner and brighter. Concerning the spinning consistancy index SCİ, the highest values were found in Karmen and 12M degree. GAP cotton relatively gave the same result. Three different mixtures were made from the Syrian cotton varieties. By using the ring spinning system Ne24/1 and Ne30/1 knitted carded yarns were produced. These yarns were compared with yarns have the same count produced from Ege region cotton by the same spinnig system. For both count, yarns evenness and imperfections of Ege region cotton were better than those obtained from the Syrian cotton. But the properties of strength an elongation were found better in the Syrian yarns specially in 24/1 yarns. The continuation of such researches is important to improve the cotton fiber properties and this will participate in obtaining yarns with better technical properties.