منهج الإمام الطبري ّ في جامع البيان والآلوسيّ- دراسة مقارنة - سورة الفاتحة أُنموذجا

Surah Al-Fatihah is considered one of the surahs that the interpretations have taken care of, because of its great importance and being the mother of the Book. It is the Seven Muthani and the best surah of the Qur'an. This study sheds light on this surah in two great interpretations: Jami al-Bayan by al-Tabari, and Ruh al-Ma'ani by al- Alusi. As their sayings were narrated in the interpretation of the surah, and what they mentioned about it was collected, then a comparison was made between them, and similarities and differences were extracted. The study also shows the approach of the two imams and its position on the Israeli narratives, and how they are inferred by grammatical, linguistic, jurisprudential, fundamentalist and doctrinal issues, In all of this, the researcher followed the comparative analytical inductive approach, and used the historical descriptive approach when translating the two imams and introducing their scientific biography and their books. The study reached results, the most important of which are: By comparing the two books in the interpretation of Surat Al-Fatihah, Al-Tabari relied heavily on antiquities, while Al-Alus relied on opinion, speech, and logic, especially in doctrinal issues, this is due to the nature of al-Tabari's book, as it is one of the books of interpretation of the tradition. Al-Alusi was unique in his focus on cosmic issues and events, and this is what we did not find with Imam al-Tabari. Al-Tabari also included in his book many responses to the opposing sects, such as the Qadariyyah and the Mu'tazila. As for Al-Alusi, he was concerned with jurisprudential issues clearly and preferred according to what the evidence supports without fanaticism for a specific jurisprudential school.