Food & beverage spaces in İstanbul from the tanzimat to the second constitutional era

In the daily life of the Ottoman Empire, people lived in a limited social environment such as houses, mosques and bazaars. With the emergence of food and beverage locations such as coffeehouses, taverns and restaurants, communication between people has become a multi-faceted state. It is possible to talk about the effect of westernization in many areas after the Tanzimat in the Ottoman Empire. The social spaces where the public spends a significant part of their time, food and beverage locations also took their share from this change. During this period, some locations were completely destroyed by the influence of the Tanzimat, while others changed and survived. In addition, completely different from traditional locations, new western-style locations have also emerged. This change in food and beverage locations was not only limited to the location, but also the concept of entertainment in those places has changed. With this thesis, it is tried to shed light on the changes in the places where the middle class people spend their social lives. It also offered us the opportunity to make comparisons between the period in which these locations have first opened and the period after the Tanzimat. This study was conducted with historical research method and data were collected by document analysis. Key words: Food & Beverage, Social space, the Tanzimat, Galata, Beyoğlu.