A new system proposal about the planning-preservation relation on conservating the cultural and natural properties

Preservation of the documents that humanity created directly or together with nature during the thousands years of civilisation history is today called "Heritage of Cultural and Natural Properties". This preservation is a fact and responsibility recognised as a common problem of humanity and to which big importance is attached in our era. The rapid development of the communication means makes world's people closer to each other day by day, reinforces the idea of preservation of the common heritage and increases the responsibilities of its owners. The most important result of this responsibility is that all the world countries should have a common language and criteria to preserve the properties of culture and nature. To this end, people recognised the need for a legal system or systems, and the improvement in preservation, which had been limited to individual efforts and attempts before, reached a level that imposes individual and international responsibility on every single country. The starting point of the study is based on the fact that the Planning for Preservation in the current planning system cannot be implemented at "desired'Vnecessary" level in spite of relevant laws and institutions and that one of the main reasons of this problem is that the roles, formations, relations with each other and uncontrolled situation of the actors who are effective in preservation in the current structure hinders the functionality of the planning and prevents the preservation practice. This study consists of six chapters: Chapter One deals with the object, limits, methodology, reasons to choose the study areas and assumptions. Chapter Two considers the conceptual evolution of preservation from its emergence till today with the support of institutional judgments. Historical evolution of preservation is started from Europe as the origin of preservation, giving details about international meetings held and organisations established to this end. Chapter Three discusses the concept of preservation in our country, which was formed by the reflections of preservation of western origin, the legal and institutional evolution of preservation and the meaning attributed to it today in our country, the conceptual, legal and institutional dimensions of preservation, the legal structure and institutional operation mechanism formed by today's approach to preservation, and hindrances in our current planning system caused by such conceptual, legal and institutional developments to preservation. Chapter Four_ addresses the reasons of selecting and declaring "sit areas", developments that have occurred after such declaration until today in the preservation system described in the chapter three. Planning and preservation activities in the model areas described in the and the problems established in the chapter two are examined in light of the analyses conducted in the areas specifically, and the reason why preservation plans cannot be created is discussed in the context of general problems. Further, the activities performed in the area is tested and the planning -preservation problems of these areas revealed. Chapter Five is the one where "a new system" is suggested on the relations between planning and preservation in accordance with the teoric findings of the previous chapter. The main principles-assumptions related to the planning of preservation are developed to ensure the effectiveness and functionality of the new system. Chapter Six presents the conclusions and evaluations. Same cues are determined and suggestion made about legal, organisational and functional arrangement of sugested system.Key words: Urban Preservation, Preservation Plans, Actors Effective in Preservation, Planning, Preservation System