The tomographic, histopathologic and immunohistochemical evaluation of the effect of using platelet-rich fibrin with various graft materials on bone defects that created at the rabbit calvarium

Platelets play important role on homeostasis by means of growth factors. This growth factors have positive impression on tissue healing. Platelet-rich fibrin used to enhance bone formation either autogenous bone grafts or other bone grafts. Our goal was to investigate bone formation and maturation of plateletrich-fibrin (PRF) to graft materials which applied bi-cortical defects in New Zelland rabbits. Our study was carried out on a total of 28 New Zealand white rabbits weight of approximately 3500-4000 grams. Care and follow-up of these rabbits was performed in Dicle University Health Sciences and Research Centre. The working groups were planned as follows; Group I: Left side; PRF (Group 1a), right side; empty (Group 1b) Group II: Left side PRF + autogenous graft (Group 2a), right side autogenous graft (Group 2b) Group III: Left side; PRF + xenograft (Group 3a), right side xenograft (Group3b) Group IV: Left side PRF + β-TCP (Group 4a), right side; β-TCP (Group 4b). Before surgery; each animal was premedicated with an intramuscular of 25-35 mg/kg ketamine and 6-8 mg/kg xylazine hydrochloride. To get PRF, it was prepared by using 8ml of autologous whole blood collected from the central artery of the rabbit before surgery procedure. Afterthat; this blood in without an anticoagulant was transferred into a 10 ml glass tube and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes. A subperiosteal dissection was carried out and two bicortical bone defects sized 10 mm diameter were created at the left and the right parietal bone along the parietal suture with a trephine bur using a micro motor. The distance between the right and left defect was approximately 4 mm. After applied graft procedure, area was closed-up with 3/0 silk suture as primer. After 8 weeks, rabbits were sacrificed. Calvaria was kept in %10 formalin and was got tomography scan. Finally, samples were investigated as histopathology and immunohistochemical. Obtain results were assesed using ANOVA, Kruskall-Wallis, Dunnett, Mann Whitney U, Wilcoxon and Paired-t tests. At the result of the our study that the investigating PRF's effectivity, autogenous graft and PRF had a great combination and when the investigated PRF with other graft material's effectivity there was no statistically significant results. Key words: PRF, rabbit calvarium, bone grafts.