The compability of tafsir narrations with reality and dating the verses -The example of Bakara-

In this study, research was conducted on the reasons for the descent of Surah Baqara and the dating of the verses, which includes many periods of the Medina process in the context of the descent environment of the Qur'an, and which contains all the topics covered in the Holy Qur'an in general terms. By examining the narrations of the reasons for descent in Kutub-i Tisʹa, tafsir and sirah sources, it is aimed to determine the most accurate narration, which is compatible with the meaning of the verses and the environment of revelation, and which is likely to cause the descent of the verse. In line with the narrations of the reasons for the descent, the methods of preference of the narrations and dirayat commentators were examined, and the effect of the narration they accepted on the ta'wil they put forward was tried to be determined. Based on the messages given between the lines in the narrations of the reasons for the descent, the possible dates of the revelation of the verses were determined by scanning the classical Sirah an historical sources. As a result of our research, it has been determined that erroneous results will be reached in the evaluations made on the basis of the phrases in the narrations of the reasons for descent determined by the methodology scholars, and for correct determinations, dating will yield more accurate results by evaluating the integrity of the verses, the environment of descent, the information recorded in the siyer and Islamic History sources. According to this, it has been determined that most of the verses in the Surah al-Baqara were revealed in response to the events and needs that developed in the first two years of the hijra, and the details of the pilgrimage worship and legal issues such as enterest, the provisions of shopping and their witnessing were discussed in the verses that were revealed in the last two years. So that all of its verses were revealed in the Medina period. Keywords: Tafsir, The Holy Quran, Narration, Reasons for Descent, Dating, Isnad, People of the Book, Orient.