Toilet seats design and production with CAD/CAM systems in the manufacturing process of toilet seats for the physically disabled wheelchair users

The use of toilets and bathrooms is one of the leading issues that pose a significant problem for physically handicapped people in Turkey as well as in other countries. While the toilet needs of the physically handicapped people bring some special needs, the instant solution of these needs is insufficient and complicates the daily lives of the disabled. While concepts such as innovation, ergonomics, hygiene and international standards are emerging to overcome the difficulties that have negative effects on the disabled, the universal design approach that will enable individuals with disabilities to easily meet their needs gains importance at this point. While the use of toilets for the disabled first came into question at the end of the 20th century, a limited number of disabled individuals using wheelchairs in England were able to benefit from this opportunity in the beginning. Although it has become widespread over time, it has been observed that general problems such as insufficient spaces in bathrooms, unsanitary conditions, non-ergonomic toilets and washbasin designs have never been fully resolved. In this study, which targets the problems experienced by physically disabled people in toilet use, design processes, molding processes (CAD / CAM), manufacturing processes in the enterprise environment, function test stages will be examined in practice in the Ceramic Sanitary Ware industry. With this manufacturing process, it is aimed to achieve ergonomics (easy use), function, water saving and space saving by positioning these two sanitary wares on the same body in the design of the WC and Washbasin units. In Ceramic Sanitary Ware, it is aimed to raise awareness about making toilet bowls and sinks easier and more practical for physically disabled people to use toilets, and to make the proposed solutions available for general use in bathrooms. In this research, the proposed barrier-free bathroom design is aimed to be a social responsibility project that will help people with disabilities to take their place freely in social life, like all individuals, while suggesting a universal design approach that will enable them to meet their needs easily. Keywords: Physically Disabled, Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing, Ceramic Sanitary Ware, Sanitaryware, Disabled Water Closet