Effects of terrorism and economical crisis as a matter of soft power on tourism: An analysis over the 11th September attact and 2008 crisis

Tourism having characteristics of flexibility, heterogeneity and service intensity is a fragile industry. For this reason it is affected by any positive or negative incident happening all over the world. Based on this, the September 11, 2001 Attacks and 2008 Global Economical Crisis are among the most important examples which can be given for this situation. Purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship of this fragile tourism industry with economical crisis and terror attacks thorough the examples of the September 11, 2001 Attacks and 2008 Global Economical Crisis. In the study, it is argued that tourism industry owning very sensitive characteristic is affected by both terror and economical crisis and the levels and types of these effects have been determined. To reach the goal of this study, the effects and rebounds of the September 11, 2001 Attacks and 2008 Global Economical Crisis known the most important events on international scale on tourism industry have been focused. In this context the relation level and impact degree of terror attacks and economical crisis on tourism industry have been revealed by examining the gathered data. In this study where qualitative research method used, frequency analysis method among content analysis methods have been applied. Target population of the study is composed of academicians who have the command and responsiveness of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks and the 2008 Economic Crisis, and those who have opinions and information about these phenomena and are currently managing tourism businesses. The sample magnitude of this study has been formed by using maximum sample survey strategy and interviewing 30 participants. Key Words: Terror, the September 11, 2001 attacks, 2008 Global Economical Crisis, Tourism