Investigation of the regulation of SRC and SRC-related MAPK and STAT3 signaling pathways in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients

Aim: Our aim is to investigate the Src and Src-related MapK and STAT-3 signaling pathways that cause cell degeneration and death in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes patients, and to determine the expression levels occurring in these proteases. Material and methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from 20 ml total blood collected from 15 patients with Type 1, Type 2 diabetes and healthy individuals. MapKs, Src and Stat-3 activities were investigated by using Western blot and immunohistochemical methods. Results: An increase in Stat-3 expression in lymphocytes, B-type lymphocytes, neutrophils and platelets in the type 1 diabetes group was found positive in the nucleus of some neutrophils negative for Src expression in most lymphocytes. The expression of P38 was evident in the nuclei of neutrophil cells and mild in some of the lymphocyte and monocyte cells. A positive increase in Erk ½ expression was observed in lymphocytes and monocyte nuclei and small platelet platelets. In Type 2 diabetes, lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils were negative, while some leukocytic structures were found to have a slight Stat-3 expression in the membranes and platelets. Src expression was found positive in lymphocytes, monocytes and especially neutrophil nuclei and its stains. P38 expression in lymphocytes, monocytes, some degenerated neutrophil nuclei, and platelet scales increased. Positive expression of Erk ½ was observed in nuclear structures of some neutrophils, but negative for lymphocytes, monocytes, other neutrophils and granular leukocytes. Conclusion: Contrary to type 2, Stat-3 expression increased and phosphorylation was suppressed in Type 1 patients compared to control group. For Src and P38, it was observed that the expression level was suppressed and phosphorylation increased in the control and Tip1 groups, whereas in the Type 2 group Src and P38 phosphorylation was suppressed and expression increased. While expression of Erk ½ was increased in Type 1 and Control groups, phosphorylation was suppressed and expression and phosphorylation level were suppressed in Type 2 group. Cellular , results are supported. Keywords: Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, PBMC, Expression, Phosphorylation