Evaluation of disease adaptation and self-management of individuals with type 2 diabetes

ABSTRACT MS. Thesis Analysis of Disease Adaptation and Self-Management in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Aim: This study aimed to assess the adherence and self-management practices among individuals with type 2 diabetes, establish the correlation between these factors, and examine the influencers affecting them. Methods: Thedescriptive study was conducted at the Endocrinology Polyclinic of Erzurum City Hospital between December 1, 2023, and July 17, 2024. The population of the study consisted of patients diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes who applied to the polyclinic. The sample size was determined to be 283 individuals through power analysis. The research data was obtained using a demographic information form, the Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management Scale. The statistical analyses were conducted using the IBM SPSS 26 software package. The data analysis involved the use of percentage, Independent Samples t-test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Pearson Correlation Analysis, and Regression Analysis. Results: The mean score of the Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale for individuals with type 2 diabetes was found to be 82.06±11.12, while the mean score of the Diabetes Self-Management Scale was 61.16±12.91. A statistically significant positive and moderate level relationship was found between the mean score of the Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale, its sub-dimensions, and the mean score of the Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management Scale and its sub-dimensions (p<.05). Statistically significant differences were found in the mean scores obtained from both the Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale and the Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management Scale according to variables such as participants' educational level, presence of social support, type of treatment, receipt of education related to the disease, and metabolic variables (p<.05). Conclusion: The adherence to the disease and self-management of individuals with Type 2 diabetes was found to be at a proficient level. It has been found that there is an increase in diabetes self-management as the individual adapts to the chronic disease. Demographic and disease-related factors such as gender, age, level of education, family type, number of children, occupation, social support received, treatment method, hospitalization status, presence of complications, receipt of disease-related education, fasting blood sugar level, systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, and HDL level were identified as influencers affecting adaptation to chronic illness and diabetes self-management. Keywords: Chronic Illness Adaptation, Nursing, Self-management, Typ2 Diabetes.