Evaluation of cognitive and social factors in patients with type 2 diabetes

Diabetes is a chronic disease that has an increasing prevalence all over the world, which seriously affects the quality of life of the individual with its biological and psycho and social effects. The descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate cognitive-social factors in individuals with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The sample of the study consisted of 100 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus who met the research criteria and were hospitalized in an internal medicine and endocrine clinic in Adana province between September 2019 and November 2019. The Patient Identification Form that includes the introductory information of the patients and the Turkish Multidimensional Diabetes Questionnaire in the evaluation of social-cognitive factors related to diabetes were used as data collection tools. The data were analyzed using the "IndependentSample-t" test (t-table value), "ANOVA" test (F-table value), Tukey/Tamhane tests, "Mann-Whitney U" test (Z-table value), and "Kruskal-Wallis H" test with SPSS package program. The average age of diabetic patients is 60.91±10.92, 59.0% of them are female, 89.0% are married, 37.0% are at the primary school graduates and 64,0% live with is wife. When the scores the sub-dimensions of Turkish Multidimensional Diabetes Questionnaire are analyzed, it was stated that the highest score average was 91.49 ± 15.21 with the perception of outcome sub-dimension and the lowest score average was 0,00 ± 0,00 with the perception of misguided behaviour sub dimension. It was found that the perceptions of handicap scores of the patients who received insulin and Oral Antidiabetic (OAD)+insulin treatment were statistically significantly higher than those who received only OAD treatment. In addition Turkish Multidimensional Diabetes Questionnaire sub-dimension self-efficacy perception and HbA1c and triglyceride values were negatively, very weakly and statistically significant. As a result of the research, it was determined that while the scores of the individuals' perception of seriousness, perception of support, perception self-efficacy and perception of outcome were above average, their scores of perception handicap and misguided behaviour were below the average. Taking these factors consider while planning the care of nurses will contribute to the professional continuity of diabetes management.