Impact of TLR4 VE IL28B gene polymorphisms on their incidence of tuberculosis infection

Tuberculosis, which is caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is an infectious and common disease and one of the main causes of death in the world. Sputum samples were collected from 100 tuberculosis patients and diagnosed by the Ziehl-Neelsen direct examination method; 88 of them showed positive results, while the remaining results were negative. All samples were cultivated on L-J medium, and the results of the bacterial culture were 100% TB positive. Molecular investigations of sputum samples were also performed using GeneXpert assay. The results were divided into 6 levels according to the signal of presence or absence of MTB and the presence or absence of rifampicin resistance. In this study, the patients were distributed into 8 age groups. The ages ranged from 4 years to more than 85 years. The results revealed the highest percentage of patients was recorded in the age group 25-34 where the percentage was 28%, followed by the age group 15-24 at 21%, then the age group 45-54 at 19%, and the two age groups 35-44 and 54-64 were equal and by 10%, whereas the two categories 5-14 and 0-4 had the lowest rates of 3% and 1%, respectively. In this study, the rate of infection in males was 51% compared to 49% in females. 43 culture-positive patients and 30 healthy controls were investigated for single-nucleotide polymorphisms of TLR4 and IL28B genes. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of all of them and amplified the target DNA by PCR by using a specific primer specially designed for this study. The two single nucleotide polymorphisms of the TLR4 gene (rs1927911 and rs10759930) were found in MTB patients and healthy controls, with three genotypes (CC, CT, and TT for rs1927911 and TT, TC, and CC for rs10759930). While the two single nucleotide polymorphisms of the IL28B gene (rs12979860 and rs8099917) are presented with three genotypes (TT, TC, and CC for rs12979860 and TT, TG, and GG for rs8099917) in MTB patients and healthy controls. In this study, the result revealed patients who were homozygous for allele T had a significantly higher risk for development of pulmonary TB, with an odds ratio of 12.923 (95% confidence interval, 2.1621 to 32.9812) p value=0.0221 and patients who were heterozygous for allele T had a significantly higher risk for development of pulmonary TB, with an odds ratio of 4.4423 (95% confidence interval, 1.4449 to 115.5796) p value=0.0060. So the result of the TLR4 gene CKeyword: Biyoloji = Biology