Investigation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of extracts from Usnea flipendula and Evernia prunastri growing in Tokat region

In this study, Usnea filipendula and Evernia prunastri lichen samples were extracted using acetone, ethanol, methanol and Tris-EDTA buffer solution. Antifungal effects on the obtained extracts were studied by the Kirby-Bauer agar disc diffusion method. antibacterial effects were studied by agar disc diffusion method and broth macro dilution method. At the same time, in addition to antimicrobial studies, total phenolic substance determination was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method, while antioxidant reduction capacity was determined by DPPH method. According to the results of the study, it was determined that the antibacterial effects of the extracts, among the bacterial species studied, the acetone extract of Usnea flipendula and Evernia prunastri lichen species had higher antibacterial activity than the tested extracts. In the antifungal study, it was determined that the ethanol extract of Evernia prunastri lichen species among the studied fungi species had a wider antifungal effect spectrum than the tested extracts. No antimicrobial activity was found in the extracts obtained with the buffer solution in both trials. In the determination of total phenolic substances, the highest total phenolic content of Evernia prunastri lichen species was determined as 14.24 (mg GAE/g extract) ethanol extract, while the IC50 value of antioxidant reduction capacity was determined as methanol extract with 0.661 (mg/ml).