Investigation of the effects of topically applied rosehip seed oil and olive oil on wound healing

Investigation of the Effects of Topically Applied Rosehip Seed Oil and Olive Oil on Wound Healing This study evaluates the wound healing effects of rosehip seed oil and olive oils using in vitro and in vivo models. GC-MS analysis was performed to determine the chemical composition of the oils, revealing that rosehip seed oil predominantly contained linoleic acid (45.46%) while olive oil was rich in oleic acid (78.16%). The cytotoxic effects of different concentrations of these oils were assessed using the MTT assay in the L929 mouse fibroblast cell line. Additionally, an in vitro scratch assay was conducted to examine their effects on wound closure. The wound closure rate in the control group was 85.22%, increasing to 96.49% in the 0.1% rosehip seed oil group and 92.67% in the 0.01% olive oil group. The combination of rosehip seed and olive oils resulted in an 91.72% wound closure rate. In the in vivo excisional wound model in rats, topical application of oils for 10 days was performed to assess their therapeutic potential. The negative control group exhibited a 52.97% wound healing rate, whereas the rosehip seed oil-treated group showed an improved rate of 69.13%, followed by 57.13% in the olive oil group and 60.43% in the mix oil group. Histopathological analyses revealed significant epithelial tissue regeneration in the rosehip seed oil-treated group, which also exhibited the highest VEGF and TGF-β expression levels, along with the greatest total antioxidant capacity (TAS) and the most effective reduction of oxidative stress. These findings indicate that rosehip seed oil exhibits superior wound healing efficacy compared to olive oil, likely due to its enhanced antioxidant capacity, greater epithelial tissue regeneration, and higher VEGF and TGF-β expression levels. Keywords: L929; Olive oil; Rosehip seed oil; TGF-β; VEGF; Wound healing