Ontic analysis of the understanding of art and the works of social realist artists Neşet Günal, Nedim Günsür, Nuri İyem, Aydın Ayan, and Nedret Sekban

It aims to understand the artistic language of the social realist artists of Turkish painting, Neşet Günal, Nedim Günsür, Nuri İyem, Aydın Ayan, and Nedret Sekban, by examining their works in ontological detail. It is based on the document analysis method, which is a qualitative method. The comprehensive results of the research are as follows: In Neşet Günal's works, the symbolism of rural life and labor is at the forefront. Günal reveals the daily lives of farmers and villagers, agricultural scenes, and deep criticism of social injustices in his works. With his color and figurative expression, Günal aims to make the audience think by emphasizing the values of existence. In Nedim Günsür's works, the complexity of city life and human relations are discussed in detail. Günsür has frequently discussed the isolation and alienation brought by modern life. The detailed visuals in his compositions encourage the viewer to think. Nuri İyem generally centers on female figures and depicts them with symbolic depth. The dramatic atmosphere in Iyem's works brings together the strong and sensitive sides of women, providing an intense emotional experience. Aydın Ayan's works generally reflect the post-war period and social transformation. The artist often depicts the devastating effects of war and people's struggles to survive in this difficult period. Nedret Sekban's works mostly deal with the relationship between nature and humans. Sea, sky, and rural landscapes are prominent motifs in the artist's works. The most striking aspect of Sekban's works is his focus on understanding how nature reflects the emotional and psychological state of humans. When the works of these five artists are examined, the social realism art tendency of Turkish painting stands out with its various aspects and depth. The works are enriched with images taken from various layers of society and deepened with ontological values. Color, composition, symbolism, and themes have helped each artist create their unique narrative. This research includes the works of a limited number of artists and analyzes only from an ontological perspective. To gain a broader perspective, future research should also take into account the other artistic and cultural contexts of these artists. Additionally, in addition to ontological analyses, there is a need for studies examining the biographical and social effects of artists. Understanding the original language and social message of the works of social realist artists of Turkish painting, delving into the depth of art, and making the audience think, has been a step towards analyzing the works from an ontological perspective. These analyses aim to make a significant contribution to the history and culture of art. Key Words: Ontological Analysis, Social Realism, The Art of Turkish Painting.