The effects of İloprost on apoptosis and Transient receptor potential Melastatin-7 (TRPM-7) cation channels expression in torsion-detorsion created rat testis tissue

Torsion occurs when the structures of the spermatic cord and chord rotate around them.Torsion, which is characterized by deterioration of testicular blood flow, is an important urological problem requiring urgent surgical intervention and its incidence before the age of 25 is approximately 1/4000. Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin-7 (TRPM-7) was first cloned by Nadler et al. TRPM-7 expression is known to occur in endothelial cells, monocytes, neurons, osteoblasts, mesenchymal stem cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. This channel is a non-selective cation channel against cations (particularly calcium and magnesium). The channel was found to be effective in cell proliferation. After the discovery of epoprostenol, a synthetic analogue of iloprost, iloprost was produced in 1978. Epoprostenol, a biologically active mediator, is released from smooth muscle cells, some connective tissue and blood cells. Epoprostenols are products of arachidonic acid that is an unsaturated fatty acid metabolite. Epoprostenol is an active metabolite. It increases the concentration of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the smooth muscle layer of the vessel, prevents clustering of the blood flakes and causes dilatation of the vessels. In this study, 35 male Sprague-Dawley rats were used that were 8-10 weeks old. The experimental animals used were divided into 5 groups of 7 animals in each group. The control group did not undergo any procedure during the experiment. The rats in the sham group were exposed and the left testis was taken out. After being kept for 60 minutes without any procedure, it was replaced in the abdomen and closed. The iloprost group received intraperitoneal (i.p) single dose of 2 mcg / kg iloprost. The rats in the torsion-detorsion group were exposed and the left testis was taken out. It was then rotated counterclockwise at 720 degrees and the torsion was formed. After waiting for 60 minutes, the testicle was replaced in the abdomen and closed. Torsion-detorsion+iloprost group rats, the left testis was taken out by opening the abdomen of the rats. It was then rotated counterclockwise at 720 degrees and the torsion was formed. After standing for 60 minutes, a single dose of 2 mcg / kg i.p was applied and the detorsed testis was replaced in the abdomen and closed. Rats in all groups were decapitated under anesthesia at the end of 48 hours of experimental period and tissue and blood samples were taken. Tissues were embedded in paraffin blocks through routine histological follow-up series. Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining, TUNEL method for apoptosis and avidin-biotin-peroxidase method for TRPM-7 immunoreactivity were applied to the sections taken from paraffin blocks. Examination of H&E staining under light microscopy; testis tissues of control, sham and iloprost groups were evaluated as normal. In the torsion-detorsion and torsion-detorsion+iloprost groups, the histopathological evaluation score (edema, germinal epithelial degeneration, atypical residual bodies, germ cell spillage and multinucleated giant cells) was found to be increased statistically significant. No statistically significant change was observed in the torsion-detorsion+iloprost group compared to the torsion-detorsion group. TUNEL positivity and TRPM-7 immunoreactivity in testis tissue was similar in the control, sham and iloprost groups. When compared with the control group, TUNEL positivity and TRPM-7 immunoreactivity were significantly increased in torsion-detorsion and torsion-detorsion+iloprost groups. There was no statistically significant change in TUNEL positivity and TRPM-7 immunoreactivity in the torsion-detorsion+iloprost group compared to the torsion-detorsion group. In conclusion, the use of iloprost in experimental testicular torsion-detorsion model revealed has no effect on histopathological evaluation score, TUNEL positivity and TRPM-7 immunoreactivity. It was concluded that studies about iloprost in different doses and times are needed in the future.