The effects of tranexamic acid on the thrombosis model created by the tuck model of the rat femoral vein

THE EFFECTS OF TRANEXAMIC ACID ON THE THROMBOSIS MODEL CREATED BY THE TUCK MODEL OF THE RAT FEMORAL VEIN One of the most common complications in surgery is bleeding. Minimizing blood loss during surgery is one of the biggest goals of surgeons. Although blood lost by blood transfusion can be replaced, there are many complications of transfusion that increase mortality. For this reason, systemic drugs that reduce bleeding have become a subject of discussion. Tranexamic acid is a synthetic hemostatic lysine analog. It is not used frequently, except in some selected cases. Microsurgery studies on whether it increases thrombosis while stopping bleeding in procedures are limited. Tranexamic acid prevents the activation of plasminogen to plasmin. Thus, it temporarily prevents fibrin clots from dissolving by plasmin. Based on this mechanism, it was thought that tranexamic acid preserved the existing clot formation but would not cause new clot formation. In the study, venous folding (tuck) procedure was applied to the rat femoral veins under microsurgery to create thrombosis. Then, it was investigated whether intravenously administered tranexamic acid increased thrombosis in the thrombosis-prone vessel. After approval of the ethics committee, 60 wistar-albino rats were included in the study. Rats were divided into 3 groups. A thrombosis model was created in group 1 rats with the femoral vein tuck model. Then, intravenous 250mg / kg tranexamic acid was administered. In Group 2 rats, a thrombosis model was created with the femoral vein tuck model. However, postoperative tranexamic acid was not given. Group 3 rats were given only intravenous tranexamic acid without creating a thrombosis model. Then, on the postoperative 14th day, all groups were re-operated and biopsy was taken from the femoral veins of the groups in group 1 and group 2, which were thrombosed, and from a random femoral vein in group 3 to perform histopathological studies. During the biopsy on the postoperative 14th day, a milking test was performed before the biopsy. In group 1, 8 of 20 veins had passage, in group 2, 10 out of 20 veins had passage, and in group 3, all 19 veins had passage. Again in histopathological study, 12 veins were thrombosed in group 1, 10 veins were thrombosed in group 2, and there was no thrombosed vein in group 3. In group 1, 14 out of 20 veins had inflammation, 12 of them had edema, while group 2 had inflammation in 15 out of 20 veins, and 12 had edema. With the Tuck model, thrombosis was created in femoral veins in rats, but it was observed that tranexamic acid did not increase thrombosis in vessels prone to thrombosis. However, further clinical studies are needed for its use in humans. Because when there is a consensus that it can be used safely in humans, it can be used to reduce bleeding in many operations and in patients at risk for thrombosis. It can be used in all kinds of operations from microsurgery to mammoplasty, from rhinoplasty to head and neck surgery in plastic surgery.