Levels of study recovery levels and muscle damages following exhausted intensity eccentric and concentric loading

This study aims to determine the effects of concentric and eccentric exercises and therefore, to provide the opportunity to construct the most effective exercise programs for athletes under the light of this information. To that end, 2 groups were created consisting of total 22 individuals, 12 of whom were athletes and 10 of whom were not subjected to any kind of sports. The running test was begun to uphill at 8 km/sec speed with 10% constant slope and was continued by increasing 1 km/sec per each 3 min. until sample quitted the test. Heart rates of athletes were recorded via telemetring system. Blood samples were taken from athletes from their ear lobes before beginning tests and in 1min. intervals. Perceived difficulty levels were asked in each 1 minute. After completing test, their recovery periods were followed up until it decreased to 2 mmol lactic acid. After 15 days, the same test was applied to downhill with 10% constant slope. In order to determine CK, AST and LDH, blood samples were taken 4 times from their forearms in post-exercise, in 24h and 48h before and after exercise. The results of the study indicated differences in HR, La and Borg values given in running speeds after loadings in two groups (p<0.05 ). In in-group comparison made at 10 and +10 slope, DOMS developed in athletes and control group after 24 hours at -10 slope (p<0.05 ). In intergroup comparisons made at +10 and -10 slope, significant differences98 were found in HR responses following the recovery of athletes (p<0.05). Differences were found in pre-exercise AST, CK, post-exercise AST, CK, LDH, 24th hour AST and LDH muscle damage values at +10 slope, and pre-exercise LDH and post-exercise LDH values at -10 slope (p<0.05 ). Significant differences were found in pre-exercise AST, LDH, postexercise AST values in athletes group and in pre-exercise LDH and 48h AST, CK values in control group at +10 and -10 slope (p<0.05 ). Statistically significant differences were found between postexercise- 24h AST and post-exercise- 48h AST values at +10 slope in athletes group; and between pre-exercise- 48h and post-exercise 48h AST values at -10 slope in control group (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences were found in post-exercise 24h CK at +10 slope in athletes; and pre-exercise 24h and post-exercise 24h CK values at -10 slope in control group (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences were found in pre-exercise 24h LDH and post-exercise 48h LDH values at +10 slope in control group; and post-exercise 48h LDH at +10 slope and post-exercise 48h LDH values at -10 slope in athletes (p<0.05). At the end of the study, muscle damage occurred more in eccentric exercise. The existence of more La and HR values in concentric exercises than eccentric exercises caused the recovery following exercise to last more and HR to have higher values following recovery. Fatigue parameters have occurred in higher values and more quickly in concentric exercise, which may suggest that individuals have more difficulty in this loading type