A research on the effects of Basel Criteria on SMES and awareness of this effect by Turkish financial professionals in the Turkish banking system

The aim of this study is to find out the effects of Basel Criteria on the banking system and SMEs, and how much they are known by the bankers and accounting experts who are the actors of the financial system. In this research, firstly, the role of Basel Criteria in the rating, collateral structure and loan pricing processes of SMEs in the lending stage of banks in Turkey was examined. In the second part, a survey was conducted with 69 participant (bankers and accountants) who are experts in their fields about the extent to which they create awareness about the benefits of these effects, and the results were analyzed. In the study, it is explained why the BIS and Basel Criteria are needed, how they emerged, why and how banks try to secure themselves. It has been explained how SMEs in Turkey are affected by these regulations and how they should create a collateral structure especially for bank loans, and which issues are taken into account by banks in loan pricing during the loan utilization phase. In this context, Basel 1, Basel 2, Basel 3 were examined in detail. In addition, SMEs in Turkey have been examined in general terms. In the last part, the survey questions and the results were tried to be interpreted with frequency analysis using the statistical program SPSS. According to the analysis; It has been concluded that the Basel Criteria are extremely important and effective for SMEs in the Turkish Banking System.