An overview of underground novels in Turkish literature in the context of space

The changes and transformations that people experience in the world are reflected in artistic activities after they reach a certain level of growth. The significant development of technology and transportation is effective in finding a response to a movement experienced in one part of the world in a similar way to another part. One of the examples of this situation can be seen in the understanding of the underground-culture, which is a counter-movement towards the upper culture. External factors affecting individuals caused a change in their world of thought, and as a result, an understanding that was written to the extent of the underground understanding, which we can describe as a contrary attitude in different regions of the world, and which reached an accumulation that could be considered as a species, began to emerge. It is seen that rock music, which has started to be influential in the world since the 1950s, can be considered as a triggering factor in the birth of this understanding. The effects did not remain in a limited area. The Beat generation implies an understanding that can be evaluated as the reflection of these influences on literature. In Turkey, this movement, which has been effective in the world before, has made a place for itself with the effect of the political, economic and cultural environment of the 1980s. These influences, along with the increase in music publications, caused the literature to find a place for itself from a different line, in other words, with a language that is outside of the upper culture, together with fanzines. It is seen that the Turkish underground novel has started to develop since the eighties. The sub-cultures of the space, which has a strong relationship with culture, allow us to make socio-cultural and psychological inferences by considering their appearances in the underground novels written by taking countercultures to the fore. In the selected novels written between 1990 and 2020, both the extent of spatial diversity and the places where diversity gained weight were questioned, and it was tried to reveal in which contexts the space gave depth to the literary work.