The ideology and architecture of Turk Ocakları (1912-1931)

With the start of the decline of the Ottoman Empire intellectuals, who were adopted the ideology of Turkish nationalsim, started to teach Turkish nationalism for the liberation of Turkish people. Following their efforts, an institutionalization, has been realised under the name of "Turk Ocaklari". Turk Ocaklari has demonstrated effectiveness in architecture as well as in other areas. Turk Ocaklari continued to demonstrate effectiveness in architectural area with constructing, renting or buying buildings, giving conferences about architecture, serving as an architect in the institution, publishing articles in the Turk Yurdu journal. A member of Turk Ocaklari and also the most important ideologist of Turkish nationalist Ziya Gokalp's ideas "the synthesis of national culture and western civilization" was affective on architectural area. This idea underlined not only the structure of Turk Ocaklari, also effects all public buildings of that period. First of all, in this thesis "The Ideology and Architecture of Turk Ocaklari 1912-1931", examines that period's sociological, cultural and ideological structures. The impact of the change in architectural area is discussed. From 1912 to 1931, the buildings which has been vii constructed by Turk Ocaklari or existing buildings which has been used for the same purpose comments in terms of plan schemes, space requirements and façade compositions. As a result, deficiencies in architecture about Turk Ocaklari and its ideology is tried to resolve with this thesis