The Quality properties of Turkish cottons and a theoretical approach to determine yarn spinning limit

ABSTRACT MSc THESIS The Quality Properties of Turkish Cottons and A Theoretical Approach to Determine Yarn Spinning Limit Bilgen ŞAHİN DEPARTMENT OF TEXTILE ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF NATUREL AND APPLIED SCB2NCE UNIVERSITY OF ÇUKUROVA Supervisor : Assoc. Prof. Dr. Fatma GÖKTEPE Yıl: 2001, Sayfa: 195 Jury : Assoc. Prof. Dr. Fatma GÖKTEPE : Assoc. Prof. Dr. Osman BABAARSLAN : Assist. Prof. Dr. Özer GÖKTEPE In this study, first of all the general situation in main cotton producer countries in relation to cotton fiber production was investigated and the position of Turkey in the World cotton production was determined. Also, the measurement techniques used for cotton fiber quality were investigated with quality specifications. The cotton samples, taken from different regions of Çukurova, Ege and GAP during 1999-2000 session were tested for fiber properties and the results were compared with Uster World Statistics. As a result, it was found that there is an increase in cotton production in GAP region because of a grand national project, called shortly as GAP and the quality of GAP cottons was better than Ege and Çukurova cottons, although the GAP cottons have bad trash grades. On other hand, the cotton samples taken from Çukurova has lower fiber quality as compared to the Ege and GAP cottons. Especially, the widely grown cotton fiber type, the Çukurova 1518 of this region, is shorter, has tower strength, lower uniformity index and higher short fiber content compare to the others. It is also found that Delcerro cotton type of Ege, which belongs to long the staple cotton family, has the best fiber properties as expected, when compared with other Upland cottons. At the second part of this research work, it was aimed to determine the yarn spinning limit of Turkish cottons and only the yarn samples having the count of Ne 30, Ne 35 and Ne 40 could be spun and their test results compared with 1997 Uster Statistics. The results showed that the quality parameters of the yarns were not at acceptable level. The reason for that might be the use of quite small amount of cotton samples as the raw material, so that pre-yarn processes were not adequate enough to obtain good yarn quality. Also in this work, an analysis that is based on ideal yarn geometry was presented in an attempt to define the yarn spinning limit of Turkish cottons theoretically. This theoretical approach shows that the yarn spinning limits of combed and carded yarns are 4.4-6.6 tex (Ne 80-53) and 7.4-11.2 tex (Ne 135 - 89), respectively. Key Words : Cotton Fiber Properties, Yarn Spinning Limit, Yarn Properties, Uster Statistics. Vlll