A research on the main volatile compounds of Turkish rakies

ABSTRACTMSc THESISA RESEARCH ON THE MAIN VOLATILE COMPOUNDS OF TURKISHRAKIESOrhan GÖZENDEPARTMENT OF FOOD ENGINERINGINSTITUTE OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCESUNIVERSITY OF ÇUKUROVASupervisor : Assoc. Prof. Dr. Turgut CABAROĞLUYear : 2005, Pages:Jury : Assoc. Prof. Dr.Turgut CABAROĞLUProf. Dr. Ahmet CANBAŞProf. Dr. Filiz ÖZÇEL KIn this study, general composition and main volatile compounds of Turkishrakies (Yeni Rakı, Burgaz, Efe, Tekirdağ, Kulüp and Altınbaş) produced in Turkeywere determined and appropriateness of the composition to Tukish Food Codex wasinvestigated. Main volatile compaunds (acetaldehyde, acetal, methyl acetate, ethylacetate, 2-butanol, n-propanol, izobutanol, n-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, trans anethole and estragol) analysed by direct injection capilary gaschromotography-FID according to European Communities Referance Method.According to the results of average values of the each trade mark, methanollevels varied between 37.86-90.21 g/hl pA, total aldehid between 2.41-6.58 g/hl pA,total ester between 8.94-21.12 g/hl pA, higher alcohol between 49.03-125.28 g/hlpA, total volatile compounds between 67.80-138.67 g/hl pA, trans anetol between1165-1454 mg/l. The results showed that rakies were produced according to TukishFood Codex which were well-matched for value of general composition, methanol,trans anetol and total volatile compounds (except two samples) and had no risk forhealth. But it was concluded that there was a big differences between minimun andmaximum levels of volatile compounds in the some type of different trademaks, eventhough different parties in the same trademaks. For this reason standardization isneeded in some products. And also it was found that rakies produced from onlysuma is rich especially in higher alcohol and total volatile compounds compared torakies produced from suma and agricultural ethyl alcohol.Key Words : Turkish raki, volatile compounds, esters, aldehydes, higher alcohols,trans-anethole