The equivalence relations of the usages of the verb "to be" in Turkish and English in terms of structure, meaning and function and its contrastive analysis with a pedagogical approach

In teaching Turkish as a foreign language, since the first foreign language of the learners is English, learners can compare with English as well as with their native language while learning the verb "olmak". The fact that there are two verbs, "to be" and "to become, which correspond to the verb "olmak" in English, and that the learners try to compare them with English while learning the verb "olmak" can lead to learning errors, overgeneralization or false concepts hypothesized. For this reason, grammar and linguistics books were scanned and the structural, semantic and functional equivalence relationship of the verbs "olmak" in Turkish and "to be and to become" in English was investigated. Afterwards, the Alchemist written by Paulo Chello and the English translation of the work, The Alchemist, were examined. All sentences with the verb "to be" and "to become" in The Alchemist were compared with their equivalents in the Turkish translation of the work, Simyacı and according to sentence classification, these structures were examined separately. The results obtained at the end of these examinations are included in the findings section. In addition, the obtained balances are tabulated numerically and proportionally. With this study, it is aimed to make the verb "olmak" and the structure of the copula more understandable, provide its correct use and thus minimize the mistakes in teaching Turkish to foreigners. Keywords: Olmak, to be, to become, copula, teaching Turkish as a foreign language