Transformation of the bureaucracy after the Presidential government system in Turkey

Bureaucracy, as a concept first used by Gournay and theorized by Weber, was used as an administrative organization in ancient societies and modern government structures from past to present. The term of bureaucracy has continued to exist until today by chaning in parallel with the changes of societies and government. The existence of bureaucracy was observed in all states, regardless of the administration or government system. The bureaucracy, which operates as the executive power in governments, was sometimes been in front of the political power and also behind it, but always within governance. The bureaucratic structure in our country was inherited from the Ottoman State. It was observed that the bureaucratic structure in Turkey is cumbersome and inefficient as a public administration, and leads to tutorship institutions as governance. The parliament, which could not establish powerful powers, shared the sovereignty with bureaucratic circles from time to time. The structure of the parliamentary system and the powers given to the president by the 1982 Constitution caused bureaucratic tutelage to become established. The parliamentary system, thought to be overshadowed by the tutelage that produced coups, created to weak governments and coalitions. It was determined that these governments and coalitions are insufficient to find solutions to the problems in the political, security, economic, social and cultural fields. This situation led to the search for a new government system. In this context, the bureaucracy getting rid of its cumbersome structure, attaining an effective and efficient structure, and the desire to get rid of the tutelary structure led to the discussion of the parliamentary system. As a result of these discussions, our country switched to the Presidential Government System in 2018. With this system, the executive power was gathered at the Presidency, and it was vii aimed to build an effective and efficient bureaucratic structure that makes quick decisions by ending the double headedness and cumbersome in bureaucracy. Keywords: Bureaucracy, Presidential Government System, Public Administration