Natural sciences and their implementation in the Republic Period of Turkey (1923-1946)

This thesis aims to reveal how and for what purposes the understanding of natural sciences and their implementation fields covering botany, zoology and geology sciences were shaped in Turkey between 1923 and 1946. The year 1923 is the proclamation date of the Republic which was a new management mentality and as of this date, the new regime needed a changeover in political, social, economical etc. fields. For meeting these requirements, the nature was used as a source and the science, especially the natural sciences was used as a tool. The education was advanced and new cultural environment was wanted to be created in order to keep up with the times and to raise next generations in direction of the requirements of the modern world. The aim of creating a modern science life which would meet the requirements arising out of the understanding of a new state improved with this change movement. In this study of thesis, it is aimed to reveal how the developments arising out of the change movement with the Republic were shaped in terms of natural sciences. For this, the course of contents of the primary schools, secondary schools and higher education institutions, the researches and publications in the institutions and their reflection in economical and social life were analyzed. In addition to all these, the popular science magazines which are prepared for the people were also evaluated within scope of the research. The thesis is finished with the year 1946 which is the date that the condition of doing doctorate which was a milestone for higher education institutions. We believe that the data obtained from this study will make contibution to the science and education history studies done for natural sciences and their implementation in the first years of the Republic.