Türkiye'de kentsel enerji verimliliğinin ölçülmesi

Energy efficiency is a key component of urban sustainability and also it is a subset of eco-efficiency. In recent decades, energy efficiency has become a hot topic in both academic and policy circles and has gained a strong global commitment by the world leaders that have reaffirmed the critical role that improved energy efficiency can play in addressing energy security, environmental and economic objectives. Today, enhancing energy efficiency represents one of the most important opportunities for countries to expand economic growth and job creation and also it is indispensible to mitigate CO2 emissions and climate change by reducing energy consumption in cities. Energy efficiency of communities can be defined as a ratio between an input of energy consumption or emissions, and an output of services, such as number of inhabitants and jobs or floor square meters. In general, energy efficiency refers to using less energy to produce the same amount of services or useful output. It is widely assumed that over the coming decades, increased energy efficiency will help the world meet its energy needs and reduce carbon dixoide emissions. This study aims to measure urban energy efficiency and to evaluate the critical success factors in efficiency by deploying Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). DEA is a nonparametric method, linear programming model and optimization algorithm which develops efficiency scores for all decision making units (DMUs). kIn DEA method, efficiency of a decision making unit is calculated relative to the group's monitered best practice, efficient DMU's imply that as compared with other DMU's in the group they produce a certain amount of or more outputs while spending a given amount of inputs, or use the same amount of or less inputs to produce a given amount of outputs. The study focuses on 81 provinces, ranks them by their efficiency performance and maps out the patterns of energy use and efficiency in Turkey. Using data and information gathered from Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT), Turkish State Meteorological Service and The Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources (MENR), National Mapping Agency, Energy Market Regulatory Authority (EMRA) and since there are no official statistics on greenhouse gases emissions, it is taken from the estimated data in Can (2013). The results of Data Envelopment Analysis highlight the critical factors in energy efficiency performances of Turkish cities. Analyzing the energy efficieny of cities will help decision makers to develop energy strategies for further projects line spacing must be set for summaries.